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Thumam (Desert Grass)

الثمام · Panicum turgidum

A perennial desert grass that forms thick clumps. It is one of the best plants for grazing and holding sand.

Thumam (Desert Grass)
Photo: Wikimedia Commons

Quick facts

Arabic nameالثمام‏
English nameThumam (Desert Grass)‎
Scientific namePanicum turgidum‎
FamilyGrass family (Poaceae)
Plant typePerennial desert grass
HeightUsually 50 to 100 cm
Water use Low

Planting and harvest calendar

Best time to plant

October to December

Harvest

Not harvested

JanuaryFebruaryMarchAprilMayJuneJulyAugustSeptemberOctoberNovemberDecember
Planting timeHarvest or flowering

Times are general for the Saudi climate and may shift a few weeks by region: cooler in the highlands and the north, warmer on the coasts and in the south.

Description

Stiff upright jointed stems, few leaves, small flower heads, and thick clumps.

Where it grows

Common on sand and plains in Riyadh, Madinah, Al-Qassim, Hail and Najran.

Soil

Sandy and gravel soil.

Water and irrigation

Needs no watering.

Climate and light

Hot with full sun.

Propagation

From seeds and by dividing clumps.

Benefits and uses

  • Good grazing for camels and livestock
  • Holds sand
  • Used in projects to restore grazing land

Drawbacks

  • Harmed by overgrazing
  • Not very decorative in gardens

Sources and references

The information was collected and checked from these scientific sources:

  1. Plants of the World Online (POWO) - Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew: Panicum turgidum
  2. Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF): Panicum turgidum
  3. Wikipedia: Panicum turgidum
  4. Chaudhary, S. A. (1999-2001). Flora of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Ministry of Agriculture and Water, Riyadh.
  5. National Center for Vegetation Cover Development and Combating Desertification (NCVC)
  6. Photo source: Wikimedia Commons (free license)